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Hawaii State Tree

Kukui Tree

Aleurites moluccana

Adopted:1959

Hawaii State Tree: Kukui Tree
Photograph: Forest Starr & Kim Starr - USGS

Adoption of the Hawaii State Tree

Lawrence McCully Judd was the son of missionaries. He was appointed the seventh Territorial Governor of Hawai'i by President Herbert Hoover and served from 1929 to 1934.

On March 17, 1930, while serving as Territorial Governor of Hawai'i, he issued a proclamation declaring the coconut palm or niu (Cocos nucifera) to be the official tree of the Territory of Hawai'i.

The niu served as the official tree until April 30, 1959. On May 1, 1959, with Joint Resolution No. 3, the 30th Territorial Legislature of Hawai'i approved the kukui, or candlenut tree (Aleurites moluccana), as the official tree of the State of Hawai'i.

Joint Resolution No. 3 read, in part,

"WHEREAS, the kukui tree is a tree native to all the islands of Hawai'i and

"WHEREAS, the multiplicity of its uses to the ancient Hawai'ians for light, fuel, medicine, dye and ornament and its continued value to the people of modern Hawaii, as well as the distinctive beauty of its light green foliage which embellishes many of the slopes of our beloved mountains, causes the kukui tree to be especially treasured by the people of the Fiftieth State of the United States as an arboreal symbol of Hawai'i. . .”

The kukui tree is also referred to as the candlenut tree as documented in the statute. In addition, Aleurites moluccana is also known as the Indian or Belgium walnut, the candlenut oil tree, the candleberry tree and the varnish tree.

The Hawai`i Revised Statutes

The following information is excerpted from the Hawai`i Revised Statutes, Volume 1, Chapter 5, Section 5.8.

Volume 1.
CHAPTER 5. EMBLEMS AND SYMBOLS.
SECTION 5.8.

§5-8 State tree. The kukui tree, also known as the candlenut tree (Aleurites moluccana), is adopted, established, and designated as the official tree of the State, to be effective so long as the legislature of the State does not otherwise provide.
[L 1959, JR 3, §1; Supp, §14-5.2; HRS §5-8]

Additional Information

Hawaii State Tree: Kukui Tree
Photograph: Forest Starr & Kim Starr - USGS

Plant Profile for Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd. (Indian Walnut): USDA, NRCS. 2004. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.

Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd.: Perdue University Center for New Crops & Plants Products.

KUKUI: Canoe Plants of Ancient Hawai`i.

Images: Plants of Hawaii: Aleurites moluccana from Forrest and Kim Starr - United State Geological Survey.

State Tree List: List of all of the state state trees.

Hawai‘i’s Beautiful Trees: by Leland Miyano. This informative guide covers all species found in Hawai‘i, from flowering varieties to rare, almost extinct species. Featuring the photography of noted island photographer Douglas Peebles.

America's Famous and Historic Trees: From George Washington's Tulip Poplar to Elvis Presley's Pin Oak (Hardcover) by Jeffrey G. Meyer. America's Famous and Historic Trees tells the stories of various trees that Meyer and his cohorts rescued or propagated: oftentimes, when trees were going to be cut down, he and his workers headed off the bulldozers, rescuing the tree with their massive tree hoe. Other trees--like the Indian Marker Pecan in southeast Dallas--were propagated before they died.

Trees : National Champions (Hardcover) by Barbara Bosworth. Bosworth captures the ineffable grace and dignity of trees with clarity and directness: the green ash that shades a midwestern crossroads, the common pear that blooms in a Washington field, and the Florida strangler fig with its mass of entwining aerial roots. Her black and white photographs, panoramic views taken with an 8 x 10 camera, show the immensity of the largest species and the hidden triumphs of the smallest

Plants, Seeds & Flowers: Bulbs, seeds, plants, fertilizer, plant containers and more.

Gardening Tools: Pruners, rakes, shovels, hoes, trowels, cultivators and tillers, greenhouses, yard carts and more.

State Names, Seals, Flags, and Symbols: A Historical Guide, Third Edition - Benjamin F. Shearer and Barbara S. Shearer, Greenwood Press, 2002

State Names, Flags, Seals, Songs, Birds, Flowers and Other Symbols: A Study based on historical documents giving the origin and significance of the state names, nicknames, mottoes, seals, flowers, birds, songs, and descriptive comments on the capitol buildings and on some of the leading state histories, Revised Edition - George Earlie Shankle, Ph.D., The H.W. Wilson Company, 1938 (Reprint Services Corp. 1971)

Source: Hawai`i Revised Statutes, (http://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/site1/docs/docs.asp), October 25, 2005
Source: Hawaii State Legislature, (http://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/), October 25, 2005
Source: Hawaii State Library, (http://www.hawaii.gov/hidocs/), October 27, 2005
Source: State Names, Seals, Flags, and Symbols: A Historical Guide, Third Edition - Benjamin F. Shearer and Barbara S. Shearer, Greenwood Press, 2002
Source: State Names, Flags, Seals, Songs, Birds, Flowers and Other Symbols: Revised Edition (Reprint)- George Earlie Shankle, Ph.D., The H.W. Wilson Company, 1938

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